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Water is a precious resource that needs to be conserved and reused so we don’t run out. Strategies for doing this include proper selection of landscape materials and irrigation systems, water efficient plumbing fixtures, and reuse and treatment systems.
Landscaping and Irrigation: There are two main ways to reduce the amount of water used to maintain exterior landscaping:
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(1) choosing the right plants, and
(2) using the right irrigation system.
The use of native, adapted, or drought-tolerant plants is the first step to reducing the amount of water used in landscaping. Native and adapted plants are suited for the climate of the project location, and do not usually require additional irrigation. Drought-tolerant plants are acclimated to long periods of time without water. Generally speaking, grass lawns are not conducive to lowering the amount of irrigation water needed.
They require regular watering and lots of maintenance
Instead of using sprinkler systems that run every day and soak the ground, there are several options for reducing irrigation water use. One is to install a moisture sensor system, so the sprinklers only run when there is not enough moisture in the ground (this keeps them from running while it is raining or just after a rainstorm). Another is to use a drip irrigation system. This type of system ensures that water is delivered directly to the plants (not spraying on the building or sidewalks), and delivers it very efficiently, with less waste. Temporary drip irrigation systems are often used when landscaping is first planted, allowing the plants to get established. These systems are then removed as the plants acclimate.
Plumbing Fixtures
These days there are several water efficient fixtures on the market, some of which are required by local codes. Examples of efficient fixtures include high efficiency toilets (HETs), dual-flush toilets that use less water for liquid waste and more for solid waste, waterless urinals, low-flow shower heads, and sensored faucets. Also look for efficiency in appliances such as dishwashers and clothes washers. Existing fixtures can be retro-fitted with water conserving aerators, flush valves, and shower heads.
Water Reuse and Treatment
As mentioned above in regards to Stormwater, water used on-site can be treated and reused again. With plumbing water there are two types of reuse systems, gray water and black water.
Gray water is the water that comes out of bathroom sinks, showers, dishwashers, and washing machines. It is considered to be “less contaminated” than black water (described below). With minimal filtration this water can be used in irrigation or to flush toilets and urinals. Note that these systems require a separate piping system for the treated gray water. With additional filtration, gray water can also be used for drinking and cleaning.
Black water comes from toilets and kitchen sinks. Extensive treatment is required before it can be reused for any purpose. This involves several filters and treatment with ultraviolet light.
Systems are available for both commercial and residential applications. The most cost effective option is usually to connect several large buildings together with a central treatment plant.
But, it can be done on a smaller scale too.
Sourced:
Green Building Guide 101
E-mail:
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Phone: 503-507-2335
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